TEST DIRECTORY

Indirect fluorescent antibody method (IFA)
Using fluorochrome-labeled antibodies to the target antigen, the antigen-antibody reaction is carried out, and the fluorescence intensity is measured using fluorescence microscope.
The direct method uses fluorochrome-labeled antibodies that react directly with the antigen. The indirect method uses antibodies that react with the antigen first and then fluorochrome-labeled antibodies for the secondary reaction.

Enzyme immunoassay (EIA)
EIA is based on the same assay principle as RIA. Using either enzyme-labeled antigen or antibody as a labeledsubstance, the antigen-antibody reaction is carried out. After adding a chromogenic substrate, the enzyme activity is measured.

Flow cytometry
A technique for analysis of individual cells. Cells stained with fluorochrome-labeled monoclonal antibodies are flown in a stream of solution at a high speed and are passed through the laser beam. The cells are individually analyzed by forward scatter (size of the cell), 90° side scatter (internal complexity of the cell), and fluorescence intensity (cell surface expression of the antigen).
Two-color flow cytometry uses a combination of fluorochromes for double staining.

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
Antibodies linked to the solid phase are reacted with antigens that are secondarily reacted with enzyme-labeled antibodies. After adding a chromogenic substrate, the enzyme activity is measured.